聚乙烯聚丙烯树脂及废料的热解

研究了聚乙烯聚丙烯树脂及废料的热解过程中,裂解温度对气相产物的收率及组成,液相产物的收率及汽油馏分、柴油馏分、重油馏分的分布,热解残碳收率的影响,将树脂与废料的热解产物及收率进行对比,结果显示：同一热解温度下,树脂与废料热解的液相产物组成及收率基本相同;树脂在４００℃～５００℃热解,液相产物的收率在９０％～９４％之间,无显著区别。     

阿特拉津土壤污染修复菌剂载体材料的筛选与应用

阿特拉津是长残留除草剂,其环境行为和生物修复技术已成为有机污染控制领域的研究热点。以廉价的高岭土、凹凸棒土和腐殖酸为载体材料,采用正交实验,把功能菌存活率作为目标性状,参考材料成球率,筛选出性能较好的高岭土、凹凸棒土和腐殖酸质量配比3种,分别为1∶0.5∶0.5(A3B2C1)、0.5∶0∶0.5(A2B3C1)和1∶0∶1(A3B1C2);在温度和紫外线耐受力实验中,A3B2C1材料配比更能够有效提升功能菌在高温和紫外线作用下的存活率,即载体中高岭土、凹凸棒土和腐殖酸质量比为1∶0.5∶0.5时效果最佳;利用A3B2C1载体材料配比制备菌剂,进行室内土壤修复实验,35 d时0.1%和0.5%载体菌剂添加量修复土壤中阿特拉津完全降解,而2个游离菌修复土壤中残留率均16%,0.1%载体菌剂添加量修复过程中土壤微生物Shannon多样性指数和均匀度变化幅度较其他修复方式小,有利于土壤微生物生态系统的平衡,因此0.1%载体菌剂添加量修复效果为最优。     

浅议橡胶废水处理技术

论述了生物载体生化法处理橡胶废水的工艺技术.通过生产性试验和正在用该工艺运行的两家橡胶加工厂废水处理情况看,COD的去除率可达95%以上,出水水质稳定,可达标排放.运行成本为0.35元/m3,经济效益和环境效益都很显著.     

Carrier detection and microsatellite analysis of duchenne and becker muscular dystrophy in spanish families

Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy (D/BMD) are usually problematical when trying to determine the carrier status of at-risk women, which usually has to be based on haplotype or dosage analysis on Southern blots. Using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis, we have detected deletions in 20 out of 44 D/BMD families with living affected members (45·5 per cent), more often in sporadic cases of DMD (14/22 with detectable deletion) than in familial ones (4/15), the majority (15/20) occurring in the distal region of the D/BMD gene. Four highly informative short tandem repeat polymorphisms (STRPs), which lie within the distal deletion hot spot of the D/BMD gene, can show loss of heterozygosity in carrier females, providing direct evidence of their carrier status. These STRPs greatly improve informativity, with a combined heterozygosity of 100 per cent and with the majority of families informative for three of the four STRPs. In 14/15 (93 per cent) of the families with distal deletions, the STRPs provided direct information on carrier status, and in some cases, they provide valuable information on recombination breakpoints and non-paternity.     

20万t/a聚乙烯装置危险性分析及对策

本文针对20万t聚乙烯气相流化床工艺的装置，从生产工艺、设备、职业危害、检修等过程进行了全面危险性分析，并提出了相关的对策。     

石油化工废水回用试验研究

以上海石化股份公司水质净化厂二级处理出水为处理对象，采用悬浮填料生物膜法、混凝沉淀、快速砂滤和低压电场杀菌工艺，获得了很好的试验效果，CODcr的平均去除率达50.0%，NH3－N达86.5%，SS达93.7%，杀菌率高达99％以上，出水水质完全达到回用水的标准。     

Lesch—Nyhan syndrome: Carrier and prenatal diagnosis

We report the results of carrier and prenatal diagnosis for hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) deficiency, Lesch—Nyhan syndrome, by carrier testing of 83 women and prenatal analysis of 26 pregnancies. Our diagnostic methodologies include mutation detection and linkage analysis for probands and their families and biochemical measurement of HPRT enzyme activity for at-risk pregnancies. Identification of the mutation in the index case of each family permits precise carrier diagnosis using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of HPRT gene sequences and automated DNA sequencing. We demonstrate 100 per cent sensitivity for the detection of mutations in the HPRT gene of affected males and highly efficient carrier testing of at-risk females. Two other molecular methods proven to have high utility include PCR-based dosage analysis and linkage analysis by PCR amplification of a short tandem repeat (STR) in intron 3 of the HPRT gene. As a result, 45 at-risk women, 56 per cent of those tested, were identified not to be carriers of their family's HPRT gene mutation. Seven of these women were the mothers of affected males and prenatal testing for future pregnancies was recommended because of the possibility of gonadal mosaicism. Thirty-eight of these women were more distant relatives of affected males, thereby eliminating the need for future prenatal procedures. These studies illustrate the utility and precision of molecular methodologies for carrier and prenatal diagnosis of Lesch—Nyhan syndrome. These studies also illustrate that molecular diagnostic studies of affected males and carrier testing prior to pregnancy can clarify genetic risk predictions and eliminate unnecessary prenatal procedures.     

浮选-浮动填料生化在城市生活污水处理中的应用

提出一种城市生活污水处理新工艺。以浮选 -浮动填料生化进行城市污水处理全流程 ,与国内外目前污水处理方法相比 ,其特点是 :占地少、投资省、抗冲击性强、适应范围大、处理负荷、容积负荷和污泥浓度大大提高 ,处理后水质高于二级城市污水处理厂出水水质 ,可以达到“国家城市回用水水质标准     

好氧生物处理污染水体的供氧技术

针对好氧生物处理污染水体需要充足的溶解氧，阐述了氧传递原理、传统供氧技术（机械供氧，鼓风供氧、氧载体供氧）和新型供氧技术（射流曝气供氧、膜供氧）。指出氧载体供氧和膜供氧技术具有广阔的应用前景。从材料，工艺及应用等方面详细介绍了膜供氧技术的研究进展，并对其发展前景进行了展望。     

生物接触氧化法处理有机废水的进展

本文综述了生物接触氧化法在固定化载体（填料），反应器及工艺等方面研究的新进展，重点介绍了极具推广价值的废水处理新工艺－－曝气生物滤池及新型陶瓷粒状填料。